Boor

5
B
Groep
13
Periode
2
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
5
5
6
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
5
Atomair gewicht
10,811
Massa Getal
11
Categorie
Metalloïden
Kleur
Zwarte
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Arabische woord Buraq, Persisch Burah
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Trigonaal
Historie
Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Gay-Lussac and Thenard.

Boron was not recognized as an element until it was isolated in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard.

Jöns Jakob Berzelius identified boron as an element in 1824.
Eletronen per schil
2, 3
Electronconfiguratie
[He] 2s2 2p1
B
Boron is an essential nutrient for all green plants
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
2,34 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
2349,15 K | 2076 °C | 3768,8 °F
Kookpunt
4200,15 K | 3927 °C | 7100,6 °F
Fusiewarmte
50 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
507 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
1,026 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,00086%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
1×10-7%
Pure
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Images-of-elements
Pure crystalline boron, front side
CAS-nummer
7440-42-8
PubChem CID nummer
5462311
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
90 pm
Covalentiestraal
84 pm
Electronegativiteit
2,04 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
8,298 eV
Atoomvolume
4,6 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,274 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2, 3
Toepassingen
Boron oxide is used in glassmaking and ceramics.

Borax is used in making fiberglass, as a cleansing fluid, a water softener, insecticide, herbicide and disinfectant.

Boric acid is used as a mild antiseptic and as a flame retardant.

Boron shielding is used as a control for nuclear reactors.
Elemental boron, boron oxide, boric acid, borates and many organoboron compounds are non-toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
10B, 11B
Instabiele isotopen
7B, 8B, 9B, 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B, 16B, 17B, 18B, 19B