Beryllium
4
Be
Groep
2
Periode
2
Blok
s
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
4
4
5
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
4
Atomair gewicht
9,012182
Massa Getal
9
Categorie
Aardalkalimetalen
Kleur
Antracietgrijs
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Griekse woord beryllos, verbleken
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Eletronen per schil
2, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
1,85 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1560,15 K | 1287 °C | 2348,6 °F
Kookpunt
2742,15 K | 2469 °C | 4476,2 °F
Fusiewarmte
7,95 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
297 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
1,825 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,00019%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
1×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-41-7
PubChem CID nummer
5460467
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
112 pm
Covalentiestraal
96 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,57 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
9,3227 eV
Atoomvolume
4,9 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
2,01 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2
Toepassingen
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
9BeInstabiele isotopen
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be