Cadmium
48
Cd
Groep
12
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
48
48
64
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
48
Atomair gewicht
112,411
Massa Getal
112
Categorie
Overgangsmetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Latijnse woord cadmis, Grieks kadmeia - de oude naam voor calamine, zinkcarbonaat
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
8,69 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Kookpunt
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Fusiewarmte
6,3 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
100 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,232 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,000015%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
2×10-7%
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
A crystal cadmium bar made by the flux process
CAS-nummer
7440-43-9
PubChem CID nummer
23973
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
151 pm
Covalentiestraal
144 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,69 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
8,9938 eV
Atoomvolume
13,1 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,968 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2
Toepassingen
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114CdInstabiele isotopen
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd