Indium
49
In
Groep
13
Periode
5
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
49
49
66
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
49
Atomair gewicht
114,818
Massa Getal
115
Categorie
Hoofdgroepmetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Van de heldere indigolijn in het spectrum
Kristalstructuur
Gecentreerd Tetragonaal
Historie
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
7,31 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Kookpunt
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Fusiewarmte
3,26 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
230 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,233 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,000016%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
3×10-8%
CAS-nummer
7440-74-6
PubChem CID nummer
5359967
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
167 pm
Covalentiestraal
142 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,78 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
5,7864 eV
Atoomvolume
15,7 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,816 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2, 3
Toepassingen
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
113InInstabiele isotopen
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In