Palladium
46
Pd
Groep
10
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
46
46
60
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
46
Atomair gewicht
106,42
Massa Getal
106
Categorie
Overgangsmetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Palladium is vernoemd naar de astroïde Pallas; Pallas was de Griekse godin van de wijsheid
Kristalstructuur
Zijvlak-gecentreerde Kubus
Historie
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 18
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 4d10
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
12,02 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Kookpunt
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Fusiewarmte
16,7 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
380 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,244 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
6,3×10-7%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
2×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-05-3
PubChem CID nummer
23938
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
137 pm
Covalentiestraal
139 pm
Electronegativiteit
2,2 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
8,3369 eV
Atoomvolume
8,9 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,718 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
2, 4
Toepassingen
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110PdInstabiele isotopen
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd