Koper

29
Cu
Groep
11
Periode
4
Blok
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
29
29
35
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
29
Atomair gewicht
63,546
Massa Getal
64
Categorie
Overgangsmetalen
Kleur
Koper
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Latijnse woord cuprum, naar het ijland Cyprus
Kristalstructuur
Zijvlak-gecentreerde Kubus
Historie
Copper occurs naturally as native copper and was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record.

Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East.

It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the copper and bronze ages.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 1
Electronconfiguratie
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Cu
Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
8,96 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1357,75 K | 1084,6 °C | 1984,28 °F
Kookpunt
2835,15 K | 2562 °C | 4643,6 °F
Fusiewarmte
13,1 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
300 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,385 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,0068%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
6×10-6%
Macro
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Wikimedia Commons (Jonathan Zander)
Macro of native copper
CAS-nummer
7440-50-8
PubChem CID nummer
23978
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
128 pm
Covalentiestraal
132 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,9 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
7,7264 eV
Atoomvolume
7,1 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
4,01 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2, 3, 4
Toepassingen
Copper is often used for electrical wiring applications and for household plumbing applications.

Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and as an algicide in rivers, lakes and ponds.

It is also used in cookware and cooking utensils.

Commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze are made with copper and other metals.
Cooking acidic food in copper pots can cause toxicity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
63Cu, 65Cu
Instabiele isotopen
52Cu, 53Cu, 54Cu, 55Cu, 56Cu, 57Cu, 58Cu, 59Cu, 60Cu, 61Cu, 62Cu, 64Cu, 66Cu, 67Cu, 68Cu, 69Cu, 70Cu, 71Cu, 72Cu, 73Cu, 74Cu, 75Cu, 76Cu, 77Cu, 78Cu, 79Cu, 80Cu