Vanadium
23
V
Groep
5
Periode
4
Blok
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
23
23
28
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
23
Atomair gewicht
50,9415
Massa Getal
51
Categorie
Overgangsmetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Vernoemd naar de Scandinavische Godin Vanadis
Kristalstructuur
Ruimtelijk-gecentreerde Kubus
Historie
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 11, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
6,11 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Kookpunt
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Fusiewarmte
22,8 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
453 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,489 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,019%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
0,0001%
CAS-nummer
7440-62-2
PubChem CID nummer
23990
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
134 pm
Covalentiestraal
153 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,63 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
6,8281 eV
Atoomvolume
8,78 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,307 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Toepassingen
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
51VInstabiele isotopen
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V