Lanthaan
57
La
Groep
n.v.t.
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
57
57
82
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
57
Atomair gewicht
138,90547
Massa Getal
139
Categorie
Lanthaniden
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
From the Greek word lanthanein, to lie hidden
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
Lanthanum was discovered in 1839 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
Lanthanum is the most reactive of the rare earth metals
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
6,145 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1193,15 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F
Kookpunt
3737,15 K | 3464 °C | 6267,2 °F
Fusiewarmte
6,2 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
400 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,195 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,0034%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
2×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7439-91-0
PubChem CID nummer
23926
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
187 pm
Covalentiestraal
207 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,1 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
5,5769 eV
Atoomvolume
22,5 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,135 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
2, 3
Toepassingen
Lanthanum is used in large quantities in batteries for hybrid automobiles.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
Lanthanum and its compounds are considered to be moderately toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
139LaInstabiele isotopen
117La, 118La, 119La, 120La, 121La, 122La, 123La, 124La, 125La, 126La, 127La, 128La, 129La, 130La, 131La, 132La, 133La, 134La, 135La, 136La, 137La, 138La, 140La, 141La, 142La, 143La, 144La, 145La, 146La, 147La, 148La, 149La, 150La, 151La, 152La, 153La, 154La, 155La