Yttrium
39
Y
Groep
3
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
39
39
50
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
39
Atomair gewicht
88,90585
Massa Getal
89
Categorie
Overgangsmetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Vernoemd naar Ytterby, aan dorp in Zweden vlak bij Vaxholm
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
4,469 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Kookpunt
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Fusiewarmte
11,4 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
380 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,298 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,0029%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
7×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-65-5
PubChem CID nummer
23993
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
180 pm
Covalentiestraal
190 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,22 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
6,2173 eV
Atoomvolume
19,8 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,172 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2, 3
Toepassingen
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
89YInstabiele isotopen
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y