Chloor
17
Cl
Groep
17
Periode
3
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
17
17
18
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
17
Atomair gewicht
35,453
Massa Getal
35
Categorie
Halogenen
Kleur
Geel
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Griekse woord chloro, groen-geel
Kristalstructuur
Basis-gecentreerd Orthorombisch
Historie
Around 1630, chlorine was recognized as a gas by the Belgian chemist and physician Jan Baptist van Helmont.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 7
Electronconfiguratie
[Ne] 3s2 3p5
Tree frogs have a chlorine compound in their skin that is a very powerful pain killer
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Gas
Dichtheid
0,003214 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
171,65 K | -101,5 °C | -150,7 °F
Kookpunt
239,11 K | -34,04 °C | -29,27 °F
Fusiewarmte
3,2 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
10,2 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,479 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,017%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
0,0001%
CAS-nummer
7782-50-5
PubChem CID nummer
24526
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
79 pm
Covalentiestraal
102 pm
Electronegativiteit
3,16 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
12,9676 eV
Atoomvolume
22,7 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,000089 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Toepassingen
Chlorine is used for producing safe drinking water.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
Elemental chlorine at high concentrations is extremely dangerous and poisonous
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
35Cl, 37ClInstabiele isotopen
28Cl, 29Cl, 30Cl, 31Cl, 32Cl, 33Cl, 34Cl, 36Cl, 38Cl, 39Cl, 40Cl, 41Cl, 42Cl, 43Cl, 44Cl, 45Cl, 46Cl, 47Cl, 48Cl, 49Cl, 50Cl, 51Cl