Fosfor
15
P
Groep
15
Periode
3
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
15
15
16
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
15
Atomair gewicht
30,973762
Massa Getal
31
Categorie
Niet-metalen
Kleur
Kleurloos
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Griekse woord phosphoros, lichtdragend; oude naam voor de planeet Venus bij het verschijnen voor zonsopgang
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudig Triklien
Historie
Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 5
Electronconfiguratie
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms - white phosphorus and red phosphorus
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
1,82 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
317,25 K | 44,1 °C | 111,38 °F
Kookpunt
553 K | 279,85 °C | 535,73 °F
Fusiewarmte
0,64 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
12,4 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,769 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,099%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
0,0007%
CAS-nummer
7723-14-0
PubChem CID nummer
5462309
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
98 pm
Covalentiestraal
107 pm
Electronegativiteit
2,19 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
10,4867 eV
Atoomvolume
17,0 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,00235 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Toepassingen
Many fertilisers contain a high proportion of phosphorus and are manufactured from concentrated phosphoric acids.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
White phosphorus is highly toxic while red phosphorus is considered non-toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
31PInstabiele isotopen
24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P