Natrium
11
Na
Groep
1
Periode
3
Blok
s
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
11
11
12
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
11
Atomair gewicht
22,98976928
Massa Getal
23
Categorie
Alkalimetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Engelse woord soda; Middeleeuws Latijn, sodanum: een middel tegen hoofdpijn
Kristalstructuur
Ruimtelijk-gecentreerde Kubus
Historie
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 1
Electronconfiguratie
[Ne] 3s1
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
0,971 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
370,87 K | 97,72 °C | 207,9 °F
Kookpunt
1156,15 K | 883 °C | 1621,4 °F
Fusiewarmte
2,6 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
97,7 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
1,228 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
2,3%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
0,002%
CAS-nummer
7440-23-5
PubChem CID nummer
5360545
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
186 pm
Covalentiestraal
166 pm
Electronegativiteit
0,93 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
5,1391 eV
Atoomvolume
23,7 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
1,41 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1, 1
Toepassingen
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
23NaInstabiele isotopen
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na