Californium
98
Cf
Groep
n.v.t.
Periode
7
Blok
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
98
98
153
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
98
Atomair gewicht
[251]
Massa Getal
251
Categorie
Actiniden
Kleur
n.v.t.
Radioactief
Ja
Named after California and the University of California
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
15,1 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Kookpunt
-
Fusiewarmte
n.v.t.
Verdampingswarmte
n.v.t.
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
-
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
n.v.t.
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
n.v.t.
CAS-nummer
7440-71-3
PubChem CID nummer
n.v.t.
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
-
Covalentiestraal
-
Electronegativiteit
1,3 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
6,2817 eV
Atoomvolume
18,4 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,1 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
2, 3, 4
Toepassingen
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
-Instabiele isotopen
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf