Plutonium
94
Pu
Groep
n.v.t.
Periode
7
Blok
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
94
94
150
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
94
Atomair gewicht
[244]
Massa Getal
244
Categorie
Actiniden
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Ja
Named after the planet Pluto
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudig Monoklien
Historie
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
19,816 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kookpunt
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Fusiewarmte
n.v.t.
Verdampingswarmte
325 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
-
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
n.v.t.
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
n.v.t.
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS-nummer
7440-07-5
PubChem CID nummer
23940
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
159 pm
Covalentiestraal
187 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,28 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
6,0262 eV
Atoomvolume
12,32 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Toepassingen
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
-Instabiele isotopen
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu