Fluor

9
F
Groep
17
Periode
2
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
9
9
10
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
9
Atomair gewicht
18,9984032
Massa Getal
19
Categorie
Halogenen
Kleur
Kleurloos
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Latijnse en Franse woord fluere, vloeien of stromen
Kristalstructuur
Basis-gecentreerd Monoklien
Historie
In 1529, Georigius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux.

In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.

In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.

The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
Eletronen per schil
2, 7
Electronconfiguratie
[He] 2s2 2p5
F
Fluorine reacts violently with water to produce oxygen
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Gas
Dichtheid
0,001696 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
53,53 K | -219,62 °C | -363,32 °F
Kookpunt
85,03 K | -188,12 °C | -306,62 °F
Fusiewarmte
0,26 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
3,27 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,824 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,054%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
0,00004%
Fluorine
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Images-of-elements
Fluorine gas, but only as photomontage, because fluorine reacts even with glass
CAS-nummer
7782-41-4
PubChem CID nummer
24524
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
42 pm
Covalentiestraal
64 pm
Electronegativiteit
3,98 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
17,4228 eV
Atoomvolume
17,1 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,000279 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1
Toepassingen
Compounds of fluorine, including sodium fluoride, are used in toothpaste and in drinking water to prevent dental cavities.

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.

Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Fluorine is highly toxic and corrosive
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
19F
Instabiele isotopen
14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 20F, 21F, 22F, 23F, 24F, 25F, 26F, 27F, 28F, 29F, 30F, 31F