Bismut
83
Bi
Groep
15
Periode
6
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
83
83
126
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
83
Atomair gewicht
208,9804
Massa Getal
209
Categorie
Hoofdgroepmetalen
Kleur
Grijs
Radioactief
Nee
From the German Weisse Masse, meaning white mass
Kristalstructuur
Basis-gecentreerd Monoklien
Historie
Bismuth has been known since ancient times, so no one person is credited with its discovery.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Electronconfiguratie
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Bismuth has unusually high electrical resistance for a metal
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
9,78 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
544,65 K | 271,5 °C | 520,7 °F
Kookpunt
1837,15 K | 1564 °C | 2847,2 °F
Fusiewarmte
10,9 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
160 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,122 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
2,5×10-6%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
7×10-8%
CAS-nummer
7440-69-9
PubChem CID nummer
5359367
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
156 pm
Covalentiestraal
148 pm
Electronegativiteit
2,02 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
7,2856 eV
Atoomvolume
21,3 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,0797 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-3, 3, 5
Toepassingen
Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is used as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth is considered to be non-toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
-Instabiele isotopen
184Bi, 185Bi, 186Bi, 187Bi, 188Bi, 189Bi, 190Bi, 191Bi, 192Bi, 193Bi, 194Bi, 195Bi, 196Bi, 197Bi, 198Bi, 199Bi, 200Bi, 201Bi, 202Bi, 203Bi, 204Bi, 205Bi, 206Bi, 207Bi, 208Bi, 209Bi, 210Bi, 211Bi, 212Bi, 213Bi, 214Bi, 215Bi, 216Bi, 217Bi, 218Bi