Gadolinium
64
Gd
Groep
n.v.t.
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
64
64
93
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
64
Atomair gewicht
157,25
Massa Getal
157
Categorie
Lanthaniden
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Kristalstructuur
Eenvoudige Hexagonaal
Historie
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
7,895 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Kookpunt
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Fusiewarmte
10 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
305 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,236 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,00052%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
2×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-54-2
PubChem CID nummer
23982
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
180 pm
Covalentiestraal
196 pm
Electronegativiteit
1,2 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
6,1501 eV
Atoomvolume
19,9 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,106 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
1, 2, 3
Toepassingen
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdInstabiele isotopen
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd