Promethium
61
Pm
Groep
n.v.t.
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
61
61
84
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
61
Atomair gewicht
[145]
Massa Getal
145
Categorie
Lanthaniden
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Ja
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
Kristalstructuur
n.v.t.
Historie
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
Electronconfiguratie
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
7,26 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1315,15 K | 1042 °C | 1907,6 °F
Kookpunt
3273,15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
Fusiewarmte
7,7 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
290 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
-
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
n.v.t.
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
n.v.t.
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
CAS-nummer
7440-12-2
PubChem CID nummer
n.v.t.
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
183 pm
Covalentiestraal
199 pm
Electronegativiteit
-
Ionisatiepotentiaal
5,582 eV
Atoomvolume
22,39 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,179 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
3
Toepassingen
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
-Instabiele isotopen
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm