Jood
53
I
Groep
17
Periode
5
Blok
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
53
53
74
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
53
Atomair gewicht
126,90447
Massa Getal
127
Categorie
Halogenen
Kleur
Antracietgrijs
Radioactief
Nee
From the Greek word iodes, violet
Kristalstructuur
Basis-gecentreerd Orthorombisch
Historie
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
4,93 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Kookpunt
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Fusiewarmte
7,76 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
20,9 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,214 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,000049%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
1×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7553-56-2
PubChem CID nummer
807
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
140 pm
Covalentiestraal
139 pm
Electronegativiteit
2,66 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
10,4513 eV
Atoomvolume
25,74 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,00449 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Toepassingen
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
127IInstabiele isotopen
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I