Rubidium
37
Rb
Groep
1
Periode
5
Blok
s
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
37
37
48
Algemene Eigenschappen
Atoomnummer
37
Atomair gewicht
85,4678
Massa Getal
85
Categorie
Alkalimetalen
Kleur
Zilver
Radioactief
Nee
Van het Latijnse woord rubidus, het diepste rood
Kristalstructuur
Ruimtelijk-gecentreerde Kubus
Historie
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Eletronen per schil
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Electronconfiguratie
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fysieke Eigenschappen
Fase
Vast
Dichtheid
1,532 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Kookpunt
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Fusiewarmte
2,19 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte
72 kJ/mol
Specifieke Warmtecapaciteit
0,363 J/g·K
Overvloedig aanwezig in de aardkorst
0,006%
Overvloedig aanwezig in het universum
1×10-6%
Verdiensten voor afbeeldingen: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Rubidium metal sample from the Dennis s.k collection
CAS-nummer
7440-17-7
PubChem CID nummer
5357696
Atoomeigenschappen
Atoomstraal
248 pm
Covalentiestraal
220 pm
Electronegativiteit
0,82 (Pauling schaal)
Ionisatiepotentiaal
4,1771 eV
Atoomvolume
55,9 cm3/mol
Thermische geleiding
0,582 W/cm·K
Oxidatietoestanden
-1, 1
Toepassingen
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Isotopen
Stabiele isotopen
85RbInstabiele isotopen
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb